Spatial and temporal trends and effects of population size on the frequency of color phenotypes in the wild red fox (Vulpes vulpes)

نویسنده

  • Bradley J. Swanson
چکیده

We analyzed the hypothesized relationships of temporal, spatial, and harvest trends with frequency of red fox (Vulpes vulpes) color morphs in 57 Hudson's Bay Company posts over a 20to 26-year period, but found none of the strong relationships postulated to exist. A meta-analysis of each data set suggested a weak inverse relationship between latitude and frequency of the red morph. Meta-analysis further indicated a weak positive relationship with time and the frequency of the red phase, although this trend was not due to climate change. No relationship was found between harvest size and color phase, or between a 1-year lagged harvest size and color phase, which evaluated the effects of dispersal. The data sets did not allow conclusive determination of the mechanisms behind the trends, but it is postulated that a slight selective advantage is found for the dark morphs at high latitudes, while the temporal increase in frequency of the red phenotype is probably the result of northward dispersal from southern populations. RCsumC : Nous avons procCdC B I'analyse de relations hypothCtiques entre les tendances temporelles, spatiales et dkmographiques et la frkquence des diffkrents phknotypes du Renard roux (Vulpes vulpes) (couleur) en 57 stations de la Compagnie de la Baie d'Hudson pendant une pkriode de 20-26 ans et nous n'avons trouvk aucun fondement quant B de fortes corrClations. Une mCta-analyse de chaque sCrie de donnCes a permis de supposer I'existence d'une faible relation inverse entre la latitude et la frkquence de la forme rousse. La mkta-analyse indique kgalement l'existence d'une faible relation positive entre le temps et la frkquence de la forme rousse, mais cette tendance n'Ctait pas attribuable B un changement climatique. Aucune relation n'a CtC trouvCe entre le nombre de renards capturks et la forme, ou entre le nombre de renards captures I'annCe prCcCdente et la forme, une mesure des effets de la dispersion. Les sCries de donnkes ne permettent pas de tirer des conclusions sur les mkcanismes qui conditionnent les tendances, mais nous croyons B I'existence d'un lCger avantage sklectif en faveur des individus de forme foncCe aux latitudes ClevCes, alors que l'augmentation du nombre d'individus de forme rousse en fonction du temps rksulte probablement de la dispersion vers le nord des populations australes. [Traduit par la RCdaction]

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تاریخ انتشار 2007